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The gastrointestinal (G.I.) tract from the mouth to the anus can be visualized by endoscopy. The instrument, (the endoscope) is a long flexible tube with a lens and light source. The scope is connected to fiber optics and a monitor to see into the bowel. An image of the intestine is sent back to a video input device and displayed on a monitor. The tube also contains a working channel through which small instruments can be passed for various uses. Colonoscopy enables the physician to examine the lining of the colon (large bowel), and is done by inserting the flexible endoscope (called a colonoscope) into the rectum and then into the entire colon. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is an examination of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract with a slim, flexible, lighted tube. The upper GI tract includes the throat, esophagus, stomach, and first part of the small intestines (duodenum). This procedure may be done to check for problems with your digestive tract. It may be done if you have:
Colonoscopy Based on years of studies various medical associaltions decided the following tests acceptable options for early detection of Colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps for asymptomatic adults 50 years and older: Tests that detect adenomatous polyps and cancer
(Screening examinations will be modified by your physician after taking into consideration -- your symptoms, family history and personal health history.)
For our Patients ... Preparing for the Test... You will be given written instructions on how to clear bowel movements from the colon. The following information is generalized information only, make sure you discuss questions with your physician and follow your individualized instructions.
*** Please note, you need to drink plenty of liquids during the bowel preparation so you won't get dehydration. It is helpful to drink liquids that help replace the electrolytes (potassium and sodium) you lose during the prep. For example, you can drink sports drinks in any color but red.
In General: · (GERD) is a condition in which acids from the stomach flow back up into the esophagus. · Approximately half of American adults experience GERD at least once a month. · GERD can affect people of all ages. · Elderly people with GERD tend to have a more serious condition than younger people. · The hallmark symptoms of GERD are: oHeartburn: a burning sensation in the chest and throat. oRegurgitation: a sensation of acid backed up in the esophagus. Upper Endoscopy Upper endoscopy, also called esophagogastroduodenoscopy is used prior to surgical correction of the anatomical defect resulting in reflux. The test confirms the anatomical defect, ensures there are no contraindications for surgery such as esophageal or gastric ulcers and test for conditions that should be corrected prior to corrective surgery. Endoscopy to Diagnose GERD. Endoscopy may be performed either in a hospital or doctor's office: · The patient should eat nothing for at least 6 hours before the procedure. · The doctor administers a local anesthetic using an oral spray and an intravenous sedative to suppress the gag reflex and relax the patient. · Next, the physician places an endoscope (a thin, flexible fiberoptic tube containing a tiny camera) into the patient's mouth and down the esophagus. The procedure does not interfere with breathing. It may be slightly uncomfortable for some patients; others are able to sleep through it. · Once the endoscope is in place, the camera allows the physician to see the surface of the esophagus and look for abnormalities, including hiatal hernia and damage to the mucus lining. · The physician performs a biopsy (the removal and microscopic examination of small tissue sections). The biopsy may detect tissue injury from GERD. It may also be used to detect cancer or other conditions, such as yeast (Candida albicans) or viral infections (such as herpes simplex and cytomegalovirus). Such infections are more likely to occur in people with impaired immune systems. Complications from the procedure are uncommon. If they occur, complications are usually mild and typically include minor bleeding from the biopsy site or irritation where medications were injected. |
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